Glycerin | 56-81-5
Data anụ ahụ:
| Aha ngwaahịa | Glycerin |
| Njirimara | Mmiri viscous enweghị isi, enweghị isi na ụtọ ụtọ |
| Ebe mgbaze (°C) | 290 (101.3KPa); 182 (266KPa) |
| Ebe esi mmiri (°C) | 20 |
| Njupụta dịtụ (20°C) | 1.2613 |
| Njupụta ikuku dịtụ (ikuku = 1) | 3.1 |
| Okpomọkụ dị egwu (°C) | 576.85 |
| Nsogbu siri ike (MPa) | 7.5 |
| Ndekọ ntụgharị uche (n20/D) | 1.474 |
| Viscosity (MPa20/D) | 6.38 |
| Ebe Ọkụ (°C) | 523 (PT); 429 (iko) |
| Ebe ọkụ (°C) | 177 |
| Solubility | nwere ike itinye hydrogen sulfide, hydrocyanic acid, sulfur dioxide. Enwere ike ịmegharị ya na mmiri, ethanol, akụkụ 1 nke ngwaahịa nwere ike igbari na akụkụ 11 nke ethyl acetate, ihe dị ka akụkụ 500 nke ether, nke na-adịghị edozi na benzene, carbon disulfide, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, petroleum ether, chloroform, mmanụ. Na-agbaze ngwa ngwa, mmiri na-efunahụ na-etolite bis-glycerol na polyglycerol, wdg. Oxidation na-emepụta glycerol aldehyde na glycerol acid. Na-agbasi ike na 0 Celsius, na-akpụ kristal rhombohedral na-egbuke egbuke. Polymerisation na-apụta na okpomọkụ nke ihe dịka 150 Celsius. Enweghị ike ijikọ ya na acetic anhydride anhydrous, potassium permanganate, acid siri ike, corrosives, amines fatty, isocyanates, oxidising agents. |
Nkọwa ngwaahịa:
Glycerin, nke a maara dị ka glycerol na ụkpụrụ mba, bụ enweghị isi, enweghị isi, ụtọ.isiing organic umi na ọdịdị nke a transperent viscous mmiri mmiri. A na-akpọkarị glycerol. Glycerol, nwere ike ịmịkọrọ mmiri sitere na ikuku, ma na-amịkwa hydrogen sulfide, hydrogen cyanide na sọlfọ dioxide.
Njirimara na nkwụsi ike nke ngwaahịa:
1.Colorless, transperent, ourless, viscous mmiri mmiri na ụtọ uto na hygroscopicity. Miscible na mmiri na alcohols, amines, phenols n'ókè ọ bụla, aqueous ngwọta na-anọpụ iche. Soluble na 11 ugboro ethyl acetate, ihe dị ka 500 ugboro ether. Na-adịghị edozi na benzene, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, carbon disulfide, mmanụ ala ethers, mmanụ, ogologo yinye mmanya mmanya. Ihe na-agba ọkụ, nwere ike ime ka mgbawa na mgbawa mgbe ị na-ezute ihe ndị na-eme ka oxidising siri ike dị ka chromium dioxide na potassium chlorate. Ọ bụkwa ihe mgbaze dị mma maka ọtụtụ nnu na gas inorganic. Na-adịghị emebi emebi na ọla, enwere ike oxidised na acrolein mgbe ejiri ya dị ka ihe mgbaze.
2.Chemical Njirimara: mmeghachi omume esterification na acid, dị ka na benzene dicarboxylic acid esterification iji mepụta resin alkyd. Mmeghachi omume transesterification na ester. Na-emeghachi omume na hydrogen chloride iji mepụta mmanya chlorinated. Glycerol akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ nwere ụzọ abụọ: intermolecular akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ iji nweta diglycerol na polyglycerol; akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ intramolecular iji nweta acrolein. Glycerol na-emeghachi omume na ntọala iji mepụta ndị aṅụrụma. Mmeghachi omume na aldehydes na ketones na-emepụta acetals na ketones. Oxidation na itughari nitric acid na-emepụta glyceraldehyde na dihydroxyacetone; oxidation na periodic acid na-emepụta formic acid na formaldehyde. Site na oxidants siri ike dị ka chromic anhydride, potassium chlorate ma ọ bụ potassium permanganate kọntaktị, nwere ike ime ka mgbawa ma ọ bụ mgbawa. Glycerol nwekwara ike ịrụ ọrụ nke nitrification na acetylation.
3.Na-adịghị egbu egbu. Ọbụna ma ọ bụrụ na ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịṅụ ihe ọṅụṅụ ruo 100g nke ngwọta ngwọta adịghị njọ, na ahụ mgbe hydrolysis na oxidation na-aghọ isi iyi nke nri. N'ime nnwale anụmanụ, ọ nwere mmetụta mgbakasị ahụ dị ka mmanya na-aba n'anya mgbe a na-eme ya ka ọ ṅụọ nnukwu ego.
4.Enwere na ịsa ụtaba, ụtaba na-acha ọcha, ụtaba ose, na anwụrụ sịga.
5.Na-eme ndammana na ụtaba, biya, mmanya, koko.
Ngwa ngwaahịa:
1. Resin ụlọ ọrụ: eji na-emepụta nke alkyd resin na epoxy resin.
2. Ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi: eji na ụlọ ọrụ mkpuchi na-emepụta ihe dị iche iche alkyd resins, polyester resins, glycidyl ethers na epoxy resins, wdg.
3. textile na ibipụta na dyeing ụlọ ọrụ: eji eme mmanu, mmiri absorber, ákwà wrinkle-àmà shrinkage ọgwụgwọ gị n'ụlọnga, mgbasa ozi na penetrating gị n'ụlọnga.
Ụzọ nchekwa ngwaahịa:
1. Na-echekwa na ebe dị ọcha na nke akọrọ, kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na nchekwa echekwara. Lezienụ anya na ihe akaebe nke mmiri, ihe na-egosi mmiri, exothermic, machibido ịgwakọta ya na oxidants siri ike. Enwere ike idobe ya n'ime ite nwere tin ma ọ bụ igwe anaghị agba nchara.
2. A na-ejupụta na aluminom drum ma ọ bụ galvanized iron drum ma ọ bụ na-echekwa na tankị nke ejiri resin phenolic kpuchie ya. Ekwesịrị ichebe ya site na mmiri, okpomọkụ na mmiri n'oge nchekwa na njem. A machibidoro glycerol ọnụ na ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe na-egbu egbu (dịka nitric acid, potassium permanganate, wdg). Ekwesịrị ịchekwa ma bufee ya dịka iwu kemịkalụ izugbe na-ere ọkụ.
Ihe ndetu nchekwa ngwaahịa:
1.Chekwaa n'ụlọ nkwakọba ihe dị jụụ, ikuku.
2.Chep n'ebe ọkụ na isi iyi ọkụ.
3.Na-edebe akpa ahụ akara.
4.Ọ kwesịrị ịchekwa iche site na ndị na-emepụta ihe na-emepụta ihe, na-ebelata ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe, alkalis na kemịkalụ oriri, adịghị ejikọta nchekwa.
5. Ejiri ụdị dị iche iche kwesịrị ekwesị na ọnụọgụ ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ.
6.Ebe nchekwa ahụ kwesịrị ịkwado ngwa ngwa ọgwụgwọ mberede na-agbapụta na ebe nchekwa kwesịrị ekwesị.
