A betaine (BEET-uh-een, bē'tə-ēn', -ĭn) na kemịkalụ bụ kemịkalụ kemịkalụ ọ bụla na-anọpụ iche nwere otu ọrụ cationic nwere ebubo nke ọma dị ka ammonium quaternary ma ọ bụ phosphonium cation (n'ozuzu: onium ion) nke na-ebu mba. hydrogen atom yana otu ndị na-arụ ọrụ ebubo na-adịghị mma dị ka otu carboxylate nke nwere ike ọ gaghị adị n'akụkụ saịtị cationic.Ya mere, betain nwere ike ịbụ ụdị zwitterion.N'akụkọ ihe mere eme, e debere okwu ahụ maka naanị trimethylglycine.A na-ejikwa ya dị ka ọgwụ. Na usoro ndu, ọtụtụ betaines na-emekarị na-eje ozi dị ka organic osmolytes, ihe ndị a na-emepụta ma ọ bụ na-ebuli na gburugburu ebe obibi site na mkpụrụ ndụ maka nchebe pụọ na nrụgide osmotic, ụkọ mmiri ozuzo, nnukwu salinity ma ọ bụ okpomọkụ dị elu.Nchịkọta intracellular nke betaines, nke na-adịghị emetụta ọrụ enzyme, nhazi protein na iguzosi ike n'ihe akpụkpọ ahụ, na-enye ohere ijide mmiri n'ime sel, si otú a na-echebe pụọ na mmetụta nke akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ.Ọ bụkwa a methyl donor nke esiwanye ghọtara pụtara na biology.Betaine bụ ihe alkaloid na ike hygroscopicity, otú ọ na-emekarị na-emeso na mgbochi-caking gị n'ụlọnga na mmepụta usoro.Ọdịdị molekụla ya na mmetụta ngwa ya adịghị nnọọ iche na nke betaine eke, ọ bụkwa ihe e kere eke kwekọrọ na njikọ kemịkalụ.Betaine bụ onyinye methyl dị irè nke ukwuu nke nwere ike dochie methionine na choline.Dochie methionine iji melite arụmọrụ mmepụta yana belata ọnụ ahịa nri.
